consequently（）

A.攻击;进攻

B.不幸;灾祸，灾难

C.代用品;代替者

D.因此

lusion that it developed 【C1】______ as a system of grunts, hisses and cries and 【C2】______ a very simple affair in the beginning. 【C3】______ , when we observe the language behavior. of 【C4】______ we regard as primitive cultures, we find it 【C5】______ complicated. It was believed that an Eskimo must have the tip of his tongue a vocabulary of more than 10,000 words 【C6】______ to get along reasonably well, much larger than the active vocabulary of a (n) 【C7】______ businessman who speaks Eng-fish. 【C8】______ , these Eskimo words are far more highly inflected (词尾变化的) than 【C9】______ of any of the well-known European languages, for a 【C10】______ noun can be spoken or written in 【C11】______ hundred different forms, each 【C12】______ a precise meaning different from that of any other. The forms of the verbs are even more 【C13】______ . The Eskimo language is, 【C14】______ , one of the most difficult in the world to learn, 【C15】______ the result that almost no traders or explorers have 【C16】______ tried to learn it. Consequently, there has grown up, in communication between Eskimos and whites, a jargon 【C17】______ to the pidgin English used in Old China, with a vocabulary of from 300 to 600 uninflected words. Most of them are 【C18】______ from Eskimo but some are derived from English, Danish, Spanish, Hawaiian and other languages. It is this jargon 【C19】______ is usually referred to by travelers 【C20】______ "the Eskimo language".

【C1】

A．unceasingly

B．continuously

C．gradually

D．continually

Newcomers

When a country is under-populated, newcomers are not competitors, hut assistants. If more come they may produce not only new quotas, but a surplus as well. In such a state of things land is (51) and cheap. The possession of it (52) no power or privilege. No one will work for another for wages (53) he can take up new land and be his own master. Hence it will pay no one to own more land than he can cultivate by his own labor, or with such aid as his own family (54) . Hence, again, land (55) little or no rent; there will be no landlords living on rent and no laborers living on (56) , but only a middle class of yeoman farmers(自耕农). All are (57) on an equality, and democracy becomes the political form, because this is the only state of society in which equality, on which democracy is based, is realized as a fact. The same effects are powerfully (58) by other facts. In a new and under-populated country the industries which are most profitable are the extractive industries. The (59) of these, with the exception of some kinds of mining, is that they call (60) only a low organization of labor and small amount of cap ital. Hence they allow the workman to become (61) his own master, and they educate him to freedom, independence, and self reliance. At the same time, the social groups being only (62) marked off from each other, it is easy to (63) from one class of occupations, and consequently from one social grade, to another. Finally, under the same circumstances, education, skill, and superior training have but inferior value compared with what they have in (64) populated countries. The (65) lie in an under-populated country, with the coarse, unskilled, manual occupations, and not with the highest developments of science, literature, and art.

(51)

A．scarce

B．sacred

C．abundant

D．extractive

（非英语专业做）

Increasingly over the past 10 years, People especially young people have become aware of the need to change their eating habits, because much of the food they eat, particularly processed foods, is not good for health. Consequently, there has been a growing interest in natural foods: foods which do not contain chemical additives and which have not been affected by chemical fertilizers widely used in farming today.

Natural foods, for example, include vegetables, fruit and grain which have been grown in soil that is rich in organic matter. In simple terms, this means that the soil has been nourished by unused vegetable matter, which provides it with essential vitamins and minerals. This in itself is a natural process compared with the use of chemicals and fertilizers, the main purpose of which is to increase the amount but not the quality of foods grown in commercial farming areas.

Natural foods also include animals which have been allowed to feed and move freely in healthy pastures. Compare this with what happens in the mass production of poultry: There are battery farms, for example, where thousands of chickens live crowded together in one building and are fed on food which is little better than rubbish. Chickens kept in this way are not only tasteless as food; they also produce eggs which lack important vitamins.

It is significant that nowadays fiber is considered to be an important part of a healthy diet. In white bread, for example, the fiber has been removed. But it is present in unrefined flour and of course in vegetables. It is interesting to note that in countries where the national diet contains large quantities of unrefined flour and vegetables, certain diseases are comparatively rare. Hence the emphasis placed on the eating of whole meal bread and more vegetables by modern experts on "healthy eating".

People have become more interested in natural foods because______.

A．they like changing their diet from time to time

B．they want to eat food that is more delicious

C．much of the food they eat is no longer considered to be healthy

D．they want to be fashionable

A.the capacity to generate electricity is the distinctive characteristic of the fish

B.the current travels in an upward direction from the positive side to negative side in torpedo's electric cells

C.some fish can produce enough electricity to drive a number of electric motors

D.the torpedo' s electric cells have a shape with six sides

king about the role of public education was the effect of the baby boom of the 1950's and 1960's on the schools. In the 1920's, but especially in the Depression conditions of the 1930's, the United States experienced a declining birth rate-- every thousand women aged fifteen to forty-four gave birth to about 118 live children in 1920, 89. 2 in 1930, 75. 8 in 1936, and 80 in 1940.

With the growing prosperity brought on by the Second World War and the economic boom that followed it, young people married and established households earlier and began to raise large families than had their predecessors during the Depression. Birth rate rose to 102 per thousand in 1946, 106.2 in 1950, and 118 in 1955. Although economics was probably the most important factor, it is not the only explanation for the baby boom. The increased value placed on the idea of the family also helps to explain this rise in birth rates. The baby boomers began streaming into the first grade by the mid-1940's and became a flood by 1950. The public school system suddenly found itself overtaxed. While the number of school children rose because of wartime and postwar conditions, these same conditions made the schools even less prepared to cope with the flood. The wartime economy meant that few new schools were built between 1940 and 1945. Moreover, during the war and in the boom times that followed, large numbers of teachers left their profession for better- paying jobs elsewhere in the economy.

Therefore, in the 1950'S and 1960's, the baby boom hit an old- fashioned and inadequate school system. Consequently, it was impossible to keep youths aged sixteen and older in school as in 1930's and early 1940's. Schools were to find space and staff to teach younger children aged from five to sixteen. With the baby boom, the focus of educators and of laymen interested in education inevitably turned toward the lower grade and back to basic academic skills and discipline. The system no longer had much interest in offering nontraditional, new, and extra services to older youths.

What is the passage mainly concerned with？

A．The impact of the baby boom on public education.

B．Birth rates in the United States in the 1930's and 1940's.

C．The teaching profession during the baby boom.

D．The role of the family in the 1950's and 1960's.

the need to change their eating habits, because much of the food they eat, particularly processed food, is not good for the health. Consequently, there has been a growing interest in natural foods.

Foods which do not contain chemical additives (添加剂) and which have not been affected by chemical fertilizers, widely used in farming today.

Natural foods, for example, are vegetables, fruit and grain which have been grown in soil that is rich in organic (有机的) matter. In simple terms, this means that the soil has been nourished by unused vegetable matter, which provides it with essential vitamins and minerals. This in itself is a natural process compared with the use of chemicals and fertilizers, the main purpose of which is to increase the amount—but not the quality—of foods grown in commercial farming areas.

Natural foods also include animals which have been allowed to feed and move freely in healthy pastures(牧场). Compare this with what happens in the mass production of poultry: there are farms, for example, where thousands of chickens live crowded together in one building and are fed on food which is little better than rubbish. Chickens kept in this way are not only tasteless as food, they . also lay eggs which lack important vitamins.

There are other aspects of healthy eating which are now receiving increasing attention from experts on diet. Take, for example, the question of sugar. This is actually a non-essential food! Al though a natural alternative, such as honey, can be used to sweeten food if it is necessary, we can in fact do without it. It is not that sugar is harmful in itself. But it does seem to be addictive: the quantity we use has grown steadily over the last two centuries and in Britain today each person consumes an average of 200 pounds a year! Yet all it does is to provide us with energy, in the form. of calories. There are no vitamins in it, no minerals and no fiber.

It is significant that nowadays fiber is considered to be an important part of a healthy diet. In white bread, for example, the fiber has been removed．But it is present in unrefined flour and of course in vegetables. It is interesting to note that in countries where the national diet contains large quantities of unrefined flour and vegetables, certain diseases are comparatively rare. Hence the emphasis is placed on the eating of whole meal bread and more vegetables by modem experts on "healthy eating".

People have become more interested in natural foods because ________.

A．they are more health conscious

B．they want to taste all kinds of foods

C．natural foods are more delicious than processed foods

D．they want to return to nature

d every year.

Some people even go on two or three holidays a year.

There are two types of holidaymakers. The first kind always flocks to seaside resorts when they go on holiday.

Their one and only aim is to have a good time by sunbathing and putting their feet up. They are not a bit interested in local specialties. At mealtimes, if they can get a plate of British “fish and chips”, they are more than happy! They spend their days in the sunshine and their evenings get drunk, then sleep soundly. If this sort of person forgets to pack the suntan oil, he or she will undoubtedly come home as red as a lobster.

The other type of holidaymakers goes to every country to increase their knowledge of foreign lands. They make use of the chance to travel to improve their world knowledge. For them, going on holiday is educational.

Consequently, this sort of travelers will move from place to place every few days. If they visit lots of places in a short span of time, there is no way that they can get a proper feel of a place or fully appreciate the local food and wine.

Whichever type of holiday chosen, everybody has the same aim: to put their work to the back if their minds, have as much fun as possible and come home happy and relaxed.

21. The aim of the first type of holidaymaker is _______.

A. to enjoy themselves

B. to enjoy good food

C. to swim in the sea

D. to seek sunshine

22. Why does the second sort of holidaymakers keep on moving from place to place？

A. They want to compare foods of different countries.

B. They don’t have special interest in one particular country.

C. They want to see more of the outside world.

D. They want to ensure that traveling is educational.

23. If a person visits too many places in a short time, ______.

A. he will have a better knowledge of other civilizations.

B. he will be able to enjoy various foods in different places.

C. he will make more friends all over the world.

D. he won’t get a true impression of any place.

24. One thing is common for all holidaymakers. That is ______.

A. they want to increase their knowledge.

B. they want to relax themselves.

C. they want to stay away from their homes.

D. they want to forget something unpleasant.

25. Which may be the best title for this passage？

A. How to Spend Your Holidays？

B. Make Full Use of Your Spare Time

C. Two Types of Holidaymakers

D. Forget Your Work for Some Days

In the early decades of the United States. the agrarian movement promoted the farmer

as society's hero. In the minds of agrarian thinkers and writers. the farmer was a person on whose

well-being the health of the new country depended. The period between the

Revolution, which ended in 1783,and the Civil War. which ended in 1865.was the age of

(5) the farmer in the United States. Agrarian philosophers. represented most eloquently by

Thomas Jefferson, celebrated farmers extravagantly for their supposed centrality in a good

society, their political virtue. and their Superior morality. And visually all policy makers, whether

they subscribed to the tenets of the philosophy held by Jefferson or not, recognized agriculture as

the key component of the American economy. Consequently, government at

(10)all levels worked to encourage farmers as a social group and agriculture as economic

enterprise.

Both the national and state governments developed transportation infrastructure, building

canals, roads, bridges, and railroads, deepening harbors, and removing obstructions from navigable

streams. The national government imported plant and animal varieties and

(15)launched exploring expeditions into prospective farmlands in the West. In addition,

government trade policies facilitated the exporting of agricultural products.

For their part. farmers seemed to meet the social expectations agrarian philosophers

had for them. as their broader horizons and greater self-respect, both products of the

Revolution were reflected to some degree in their behavior. Farmers seemed to become

(20)more scientific.joining agricultural societies and reading the farm newspapers that sprang

up throughout the country. They began using improved implements, tried new crops and

pure animal breeds, and became more receptive to modern theories of soil improvement.

They also responded to inducements by national and state governments. Farmers

streamed to the West. filling frontier lands with stunning rapidity. But farmers responded

(25)less to the expectations of agrarians and government inducements than to growing market

opportunities. European demand for food from the United States seemed insatiable. War,

industrialization, and urbanization all kept demand high in Europe. United States cities

and industries grew as well; even industries not directly related to farming thrived because

of the market, money. and labor that agriculture provided.

What does the passage mainly discuss？

A．The agrarian philosophy of Thomas Jefferson

B．The role of the national government in the development of agriculture

C．Improvements in farming techniques

D．The impact of the increased importance of the farmer

A.所以

B.然而

C.并且