At last the old man understood what I had said.（)

A.in the company of

B.in the event of

C.in the context of

D.in the course of

A.only

B.alone

C.lone

D.lonely

A.closely

B.close

C.nearly

D.near

A、to and fro

B、foot by foot

C、by and by

D、again and again

Identify the errors in the following sentence:The old man is in the habit of going for a walk along the river every morning except it rains. （)

A.in the habit of

B.going

C.along

D.except

t always been so jolly. The real Saint Nick was a Turkish monk who lived in the 3rd century. He was () for being charitable and selfless, eventually becoming the patron saint of sailors and children. According to legend, he was a rich man thanks to an () from his parents, but he gave it all away in the form. of gifts to the less fortunate. He eventually became the most popular saint in Europe and, through his alter ego. Santa Claus, remains so to this day. But how did a long dead Turkish monk became a big, fat, reindeer. riding pole dweller？

The Dutch got the ball rolling by celebrating the saint- called Sinter Klaas- in New York in the latc-18" century. Our old friend, Washington Irving, included the legend of Saint Nick in his seminal History of New York as well, but at the turn of the 181 century, Saint Nick was still a rather () figure in America.

On December 23, 1823, though, a man named Clement Clarke Moore published a poem he had written for his daughters called “An Account of a Visit from St. Nicholas," better known now as ‘T’ as the night before Christmas." Nobody knows how much of the poem Moore invented, but we do know that it was the spark that () lit the Santa fire. Many of the things we associated with Santa一a sleigh, reindeer, Christmas Eve visits一came from Moore's poem.

1.

A.hops

B.jumps

C.sneaks

D. skips

2.

A.known

B.observed

C. remarked

D.commented

3.

A.persistance

B.inheritance

C.insistence

D.instance

4.

Awell-known

B.popular

C.obscure

D.famous

5.

A. actually

B. generally

C. eventfully

D. eventually

nd was almost certainly a craftsman working in glass. But nobody knows his name. We only know this much about him because Friar Giordane preached a sermon one Wednesday morning in February 1306 at a church in Florence. "It’s not yet 20 years since there was found the art of making eye-glasses which make for good vision," said the Friar."One of the best arts and most necessary that the world has. So short a time is it since there was invented a new art that never existed. I have seen the man who first invented and created it, and I have talked to him." We know what Friar Giordane said because admirers copied his sermons down as he gave them. The inventor of spectacles apparently kept the method of making them to himself. Perhaps he thought this was the best way of getting money from his invention. But the idea soon got around. As early as 1300, craftsmen in Venice,the centre of Europe’s glass industry, were making the new "disks for the eyes".Spectacles at first were only shaped for far-sighted people. Concave lenses, for short-sighted people, were not developed until the late 15th century. Spectacles allowed people to go on reading and studying long after bad eyesight would normally have forced them to give up.They were like a new pair of eyes. The inventor of such a valuable thing should be honored, everyone thought. But for centuries no one had any idea who the inventor really was. So all kinds of candidates were put forward: Dutch, English, German, Italians from rival cities. A fake memorial was erected last century in a church in Florence to honor a man as the true inventor of spectacles-but he never even existed.

The first spectalces were made for ()

A、any one who had an eye trouble

B、the far-sighted

C、the short-sighted

D、both the far-sighted and the short-sighted

eaningfulness, organization, association, and visualization.It is useful to know how there principles work.

Meaningfulness affects memory at all levels.Information that does not make any sense to you is difficult to remember.There are several ways in which we can make material more meaningful.Many people, for instance, learn a rhyme to help them remember.Do you know the rhyme "Thirty days has September, April, June, and November..."？ It helps many people remember which months of the year have 30 day s.

Organization also makes a difference in our ability to remember.How useful would a library be if the books were kept in random order？ Material that is organized is better remembered than jumbled information.One example of organization is chunking.C hunking consists of grouping separate bits of information.For example, the number 4671363 is more easily remembered if it is chunked as 467, 13, 63.Categorizing is another means of organization.Suppose you are asked to remember the following list of wor ds: man, bench, dog, desk, woman, horse, child, cat, chair.Many people will group the words into similar categories and remember them as follows: man, woman, child; cat, dog, horse; bench, chair, desk.Needless to say, the second list can be remembered mo re easily than the first one.

Association refers to taking the material we want to remember and relating it to something we remember accurately.In memorizing a number, you might try to associate it with familiar numbers or events.For example, the heigh t of Mount Fuji in Japan -12,389 feet -might be remembered using the following associations: 12 is the number of months in the year, and 389 is the number of days in a year (365) added to the number of months twice (24).

The last principle is visualizati on.Research has shown striking improvements in many types of memory tasks when people are asked to visualize the items to be remembered.In one study, subjects in one group were asked to learn some words using imagery, while the second group used repetiti on to learn the words.Those using imagery remembered 80 to 90 percent of the words, compared with 30 to 40 percent of the words for those who memorized by repetition.Thus forming an integrated image with all the information placed in a single mental pict ure can help us to preserve a memory.

1.What kind of information is easy for us to remember？()

A.Information that does not make any sense to us

B.Information that we are not familiar with

C.Information that is meaningful to us

D.Information that we are not interested in

2.Which of the following pairs are rhymes？()

A.horse—house

B.right---white

C.come----home

D.how---low

3.The second list of words in para.3 is organized according to().

A.the rhyme

B.the word category

C.th e first letters of words

D.the meanings

4.Books are kept in a library().

A.according to their size

B.in random order

C.in a jumbled way

D.in different categories

5.What method can better help form. a whole mental picture about the ti ngs to be remembered？()

A.Grouping

B.Repetition

C.Imagery

D.Association

What are the beauties of Hawaii？ Let’s start with four.The beach, famous for its water

What are the beauties of Hawaii？ Let’s start with four.

The beach, famous for its water temperature, air temperature and waves, is the first beauty.There are hundreds of miles of beaches on the twenty islands of Hawaii.They are thought to be among the finest beaches in the world.

Then, what do you think would be the second beautiful thing？ It is volcanoes (火山), of course.These volcanoes are not just a part of the islands; they made the islands in the first place.Because of them the islands are still growing.

What would be the third thing of beauty that the first visitor to Hawaii would notice？ It probably wouldn’t be just one thing, but many things: all the wonderful fruits and flower s of the islands.Sugar cane, bananas and pineapples are Hawaii’s biggest exports.Sugar cane has been growing in Hawaii for a thousand years.As for pineapples, the islands produce more than any other places in the world, which has made Dole Company the b iggest fruit-packing company in the world.

The fourth and most beautiful thing about Hawaii is the people who live there.The Hawaiians never rush, and perhaps this is because they care more for human life than they care for the machine.There is an old H awaiian law that a man can go to sleep in the middle of the road if he wants to.What makes the people of Hawaii so beautiful is their feeling about people.There are 64 different combinations of races on the islands, and they all live in peace.They belie ve “Above all nations is humanity.” That is the most beautiful thing of all.

1.According to the passage, Hawaii is made up of().

A.one island

B.twenty islands

C.sixty-four islands

D.hundreds of islands

2.Why are the volcanoes so special to the islands？()

A.They are not a part of the islands

B.They actually made the islands

C.They are the first in the world

D.They are growing

3.What has made Dole Company the biggest fruit-packing company in the world？()

A.Sugar

B.Sugar cane

C.Bananas

D.Pineapples

4.The people in Hawaii are the most beautiful thing because().

A.they had a peaceful history

B.they can sleep in the middle of the road

C.there are 64 different races on the islands

D.they care more for people than anything else

5.According to the passage, “above all nations is humanity” might mean ().

A.not all nations have humanity

B.humanity is as important as a nation

C.humanity has no national boundaries

D.all human being s should live in peace

A.as if

B.like

C.as

D.in order